Parse HTTP Status Line

Extract version, code, and reason phrase from an HTTP status line.

strings parsing http

Write a function `parse_status_line(line: str) -> dict` that takes a single HTTP status line as a string and returns a dictionary with keys `'version'`, `'status_code'`, and `'reason'`. The input is guaranteed to be a well-formed HTTP status line as defined by RFC 7230:

`HTTP-version SP status-code SP reason-phrase CRLF`

Note: The trailing CRLF is part of the line and must be handled. The reason phrase can contain any printable characters except CR and LF. A reason phrase may be empty (i.e., the status line ends with a space before the CRLF).

Your function should:
- Remove the trailing CRLF (`\r\n`) from the line.
- Split the remaining string into exactly three parts: the HTTP version, the status code, and the reason phrase.
- Return a dictionary with:
  - `'version'`: the HTTP version string (e.g., `'HTTP/1.1'`)
  - `'status_code'`: the integer status code (e.g., `200`)
  - `'reason'`: the reason phrase string (could be an empty string)

You should not use external libraries. Importing `re` or other modules is allowed but not necessary.

Constraints

- Input is a string containing exactly one HTTP status line (including the trailing CRLF).
- The HTTP version is one of `HTTP/1.0`, `HTTP/1.1`, `HTTP/2.0`, `HTTP/3.0` (but any `HTTP/x.y` is acceptable).
- The status code is a 3-digit integer between 100 and 599.
- The reason phrase may contain spaces and arbitrary printable ASCII characters, but no CR or LF.
- The reason phrase may be empty.
- Complexity: O(n) time, O(n) space for output.

Example

```python
>>> parse_status_line('HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n')
{'version': 'HTTP/1.1', 'status_code': 200, 'reason': 'OK'}

>>> parse_status_line('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n')
{'version': 'HTTP/1.1', 'status_code': 404, 'reason': 'Not Found'}

>>> parse_status_line('HTTP/1.0 204 No Content\r\n')
{'version': 'HTTP/1.0', 'status_code': 204, 'reason': 'No Content'}

>>> parse_status_line('HTTP/2.0 200 \r\n')
{'version': 'HTTP/2.0', 'status_code': 200, 'reason': ''}
```

8 points ~15 min

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Hints

Remember the trailing CRLF (`\r\n`) — strip it first.

Use `line.split(' ', 2)` to split into three parts without breaking the reason phrase.

The status code is a string like '200' — convert it to int.

If the reason phrase is empty, the stripped line ends with a space, so split with maxsplit=2 will give an empty string as the third element.

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