How to Process CSV Data in Python with a Data Helper

import csv
from pathlib import Path

DATA = [
    {"name": "Alice", "score": 88, "passed": True},
    {"name": "Bob", "score": 42, "passed": False},
    {"name": "Carol", "score": 95, "passed": True},
]


def load_csv(file_path: Path) -> list[dict]:
    with file_path.open(newline="", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        return list(csv.DictReader(f))


def filter_passed(records: list[dict]) -> list[dict]:
    return [r for r in records if r.get("passed") == "True"]


def summarize(records: list[dict]) -> dict:
    scores = [int(r["score"]) for r in records]
    return {"count": len(scores), "avg_score": round(sum(scores) / len(scores), 2)}


if __name__ == "__main__":
    tmp = Path("students.csv")
    with tmp.open("w", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as f:
        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=["name", "score", "passed"])
        writer.writeheader()
        writer.writerows(DATA)

    students = load_csv(tmp)
    passed = filter_passed(students)
    print("All records:", summarize(students))
    print("Passed records:", summarize(passed))
    tmp.unlink()