Exponential Backoff with Jitter for Cloud API Calls in Python

import random
import time


def exponential_backoff_with_jitter(retries=5, base_delay=0.5, max_delay=4.0, jitter_factor=0.3):
    for attempt in range(1, retries + 1):
        delay = min(max_delay, base_delay * (2 ** (attempt - 1)))
        jitter = delay * random.uniform(-jitter_factor, jitter_factor)
        effective_delay = max(0, delay + jitter)
        print(f"Attempt {attempt}: waiting {effective_delay:.2f}s before retry")
        time.sleep(effective_delay)
    print("All retries exhausted, giving up.")
    return False


class CloudClientMock:
    def __init__(self, success_rate=0.4, seed=42):
        random.seed(seed)
        self.success_rate = success_rate

    def request(self):
        if random.random() < self.success_rate:
            return "success"
        raise ConnectionError("simulated transient network failure")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    client = CloudClientMock(success_rate=0.4)
    for attempt in range(1, 5):
        try:
            result = client.request()
            print(f"Attempt {attempt}: {result}")
            break
        except ConnectionError as err:
            print(f"Attempt {attempt}: {err}")
            exponential_backoff_with_jitter(retries=3, base_delay=0.2, max_delay=1.5)
    else:
        print("Final failure: no successful request after retries.")