How to Implement Retry with Exponential Backoff and Jitter in Python

import random
import time


def retry_with_backoff(func, max_attempts=5, base_delay=0.1, jitter=True):
    """
    Retry a function with exponential backoff and optional full jitter.
    """
    for attempt in range(max_attempts):
        try:
            return func()
        except Exception as e:
            if attempt == max_attempts - 1:
                raise
            delay = base_delay * (2 ** attempt)
            if jitter:
                delay = random.uniform(0, delay)
            print(f"Attempt {attempt + 1} failed: {e}. Retrying in {delay:.4f}s")
            time.sleep(delay)


def flaky_network_call():
    """Mock a network call that fails 60% of the time."""
    if random.random() < 0.6:
        raise ConnectionError("Network timeout")
    return "Success"


if __name__ == "__main__":
    random.seed(42)  # For reproducible output
    result = retry_with_backoff(flaky_network_call)
    print(f"Final result: {result}")