How to Validate and Cache Data with Redis in Python

import redis
import json
from functools import wraps

class DataValidator:
    def __init__(self, host="localhost", port=6379, db=0):
        self.cache = redis.Redis(host=host, port=port, db=db)
        self.validators = {
            "email": lambda v: "@" in v and "." in v.split("@")[-1],
            "phone": lambda v: len(v) == 10 and v.isdigit(),
            "age": lambda v: isinstance(v, int) and 0 < v < 120,
        }

    def validate_and_cache(self, key, data, data_type):
        validator = self.validators.get(data_type)
        if not validator:
            raise ValueError(f"Unknown type: {data_type}")
        
        if not validator(data):
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid {data_type}: {data}")
        
        cache_key = f"{data_type}:{key}"
        if self.cache.exists(cache_key):
            return json.loads(self.cache.get(cache_key).decode())
        
        self.cache.set(cache_key, json.dumps(data), ex=300)
        return data

if __name__ == "__main__":
    validator = DataValidator()
    
    # Validate and cache an email
    email_result = validator.validate_and_cache("user1", "john@example.com", "email")
    print(f"Email cached: {email_result}")
    
    # Retrieve from cache (no validation needed again)
    cached_result = validator.validate_and_cache("user1", "john@example.com", "email")
    print(f"Email from cache: {cached_result}")
    
    # This will raise an error
    try:
        validator.validate_and_cache("user2", "not-an-email", "email")
    except ValueError as e:
        print(f"Error: {e}")