Saga pattern orchestration with rollback in Python

import time
import random


class SagaStep:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.executed = False

    def execute(self):
        print(f"Executing {self.name}...")
        time.sleep(0.2)
        if random.random() < 0.3:
            raise RuntimeError(f"{self.name} failed")
        self.executed = True
        print(f"{self.name} succeeded")

    def compensate(self):
        print(f"Compensating {self.name}...")


class SagaOrchestrator:
    def __init__(self, steps):
        self.steps = steps
        self.executed_steps = []

    def run(self):
        for step in self.steps:
            try:
                step.execute()
                self.executed_steps.append(step)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"ERROR: {e}")
                self._rollback()
                return False
        print("Saga completed successfully")
        return True

    def _rollback(self):
        print("Rolling back saga...")
        for step in reversed(self.executed_steps):
            step.compensate()


def main():
    random.seed(42)
    steps = [
        SagaStep("Reserve Inventory"),
        SagaStep("Process Payment"),
        SagaStep("Ship Order"),
    ]
    orchestrator = SagaOrchestrator(steps)
    orchestrator.run()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()