Python Code
Samples
Easy snippets you can copy, study, and run in the browser editor.
How to Encode and Decode UTF-8 in Python
Convert a Python string to UTF-8 bytes with .encode() and back to text with .decode(), with a simple demo function.
def encode_decode_demo(text: str):
encoded = text.encode("utf-8")
decoded = encoded.decode("utf-8")
print(f"Original string: {text}")
print(f"Encoded bytes: {encoded}")
print(f"Decoded string: {decoded}")
print(f"Match: {text == decoded}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
encode_decode_demo("Hel…How to Validate JSON in Python and Catch JSONDecodeError
A robust Python function that attempts to parse JSON strings and returns a boolean plus either the parsed data or a descriptive error message when decoding fails.
import json
def validate_json(json_string):
"""Try to parse JSON, return (is_valid, data_or_error)."""
try:
data = json.loads(json_string)
return True, data
except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
return False, f"Invalid JSON: {e}"
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_inputs = [
…How to Detect File Encoding: UTF-8 vs Latin-1 in Python
Detect whether a file is UTF-8 or Latin-1 encoded by attempting a UTF-8 decode and falling back to Latin-1.
import sys
def detect_encoding(file_path):
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
raw = f.read()
try:
raw.decode('utf-8')
return 'UTF-8'
except UnicodeDecodeError:
return 'latin1'
if __name__ == "__main__":
file_path = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else 'sample.txt'
…How to Decode Basic Auth Credentials in Python
Decode username and password from a Basic Auth header string using base64 and standard string operations.
import base64
def decode_basic_auth(header_value):
"""
Decode credentials from a Basic Auth header value.
Expected format: "Basic base64encoded(username:password)"
Returns a tuple (username, password).
"""
if not header_value.startswith("Basic "):
raise ValueError("Invalid Basic A…How to Validate JWT Claims (exp, iss, aud) in Python
This code demonstrates how to decode and validate a JWT's essential claims—expiration (exp), issuer (iss), and audience (aud)—using the PyJWT library, returning clear error messages for common validation failures.
import jwt
from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta
SECRET = "mock-secret"
def validate_token(token, expected_iss, expected_aud):
try:
decoded = jwt.decode(
token,
SECRET,
algorithms=["HS256"],
options={"require": ["exp", "iss", "aud"]},
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Guide: free Python code samples library
Copy-ready Python snippets for learners and developers
PythonSkillset code samples are short, focused examples organised by topic and difficulty. Every snippet is server-rendered HTML — readable by search engines and easy to copy. Open any sample, read the notes, copy the code, then press Try in editor to run it in the browser with Pyodide.
How to use this library
- Pick a topic section — strings, lists, files, functions, and more
- Open a sample, read How it works, and copy the code block
- Run it in the IDE, tweak values, then take a related quiz or tutorial lesson
Samples vs tutorials and challenges
Samples are quick reference — one concept per page. For step-by-step teaching, use our Python tutorials. To test yourself, try quizzes or coding challenges. Clean up style with the Python formatter.