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Python Code Samples

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5 matches
Functions & basics easy

How to Use Keyword-Only Arguments in Python Functions

Define Python functions with keyword-only arguments using the * separator to enforce clarity and prevent positional misuse.

functions keyword-arguments function-signature
Python 
def greet(name, *, greeting="Hello", punctuation="!"):
    """Greet someone with a customizable message using keyword-only arguments."""
    message = f"{greeting}, {name}{punctuation}"
    return message

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Basic call with only the positional argument
    print(greet("Alice"))

    # Al…
15 0 Open
Git + Python easy

Verify Git tag signatures with HMAC in Python

Create and verify deterministic HMAC-SHA256 signatures for git tags using the Python standard library.

hmac git security
Python 
import hashlib
import hmac


def sign_tag(tag: str, secret_key: str) -> str:
    """Create a deterministic HMAC signature for a tag."""
    message = tag.encode("utf-8")
    key = secret_key.encode("utf-8")
    return hmac.new(key, message, hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()


def verify_signed_tag(tag: str, signature: str, …
14 0 Open
Modern tooling easy

How to Type Check a Mock with pyright in Python

Shows how pyright validates a mock function against a TypedDict and Callable signature before runtime.

pyright type-checking mocking
Python 
from typing import TypedDict, Callable


class User(TypedDict):
    id: int
    name: str


def get_user_name(user_id: int, get_user: Callable[[int], User]) -> str:
    user = get_user(user_id)
    return user["name"]


def mock_get_user(user_id: int) -> User:
    return {"id": user_id, "name": f"User {user_id}"}


if…
15 0 Open
API design & gRPC easy

How to Validate a JWT Signature in Python with a Mock Secret

Validates a JWT's signature using a mock secret, decoding and handling expired or invalid tokens gracefully.

jwt authentication security
Python 
import jwt
import time

SECRET = "mock_secret_key_123"

def validate_token(token):
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET, algorithms=["HS256"])
        return f"Valid token. Payload: {payload}"
    except jwt.ExpiredSignatureError:
        return "Token expired"
    except jwt.InvalidTokenError:
        …
12 0 Open
Auth & security at scale easy

How to Generate and Verify HMAC Signatures in Python

Create and validate HMAC-SHA256 signatures with a shared secret key using Python's hmac and hashlib modules.

hmac security cryptography
Python 
import hashlib
import hmac

SECRET_KEY = b"pepper-secret-2024"

def generate_hmac(message: str) -> str:
    return hmac.new(SECRET_KEY, message.encode("utf-8"), hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()

def verify_hmac(message: str, received_hmac: str) -> bool:
    expected = generate_hmac(message)
    return hmac.compare_digest(e…
15 0 Open

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PythonSkillset code samples are short, focused examples organised by topic and difficulty. Every snippet is server-rendered HTML — readable by search engines and easy to copy. Open any sample, read the notes, copy the code, then press Try in editor to run it in the browser with Pyodide.

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