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How to Get the Breadth-First Traversal Order of a Graph in Python

Performs a breadth-first search on an adjacency list and returns the order nodes are visited, using a deque for efficient queue operations.

graph bfs queue

Python

from collections import deque

def bfs_order(adjacency, start=0):
    """Return the order nodes are visited in a breadth-first traversal."""
    visited = set()
    order = []
    queue = deque([start])
    visited.add(start)

    while queue:
        node = queue.popleft()
        order.append(node)

        for neig…

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