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Copy-ready Python snippets by topic and difficulty — short, focused, and runnable in the browser editor.
How to Build Partial Functions with functools.partial in Python
Create reusable partial functions that pre-fill arguments using functools.partial, like making square and cube functions from a general power function.
```python
from functools import partial
def power(base, exponent):
"""Calculate base raised to the exponent power."""
return base ** exponent
# Create partial functions for common powers
square = partial(power, exponent=2)
cube = partial(power, exponent=3)
if __name__ == "__main__":
squares = [square(x)…How to Atomically Write Files in Python with Temp File and Rename
Write a file atomically using a temporary file and os.replace so readers never see partial writes even if the process crashes mid-write.
import os
import tempfile
from pathlib import Path
def atomic_write(path: str | Path, content: str) -> None:
"""Write content to path atomically using a temp file and rename."""
path = Path(path)
path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
fd, temp_path = tempfile.mkstemp(
dir=str(path.par…How to Implement a PATCH Partial Update Merge Dict in Python
Implements a recursive merge function that applies HTTP PATCH-like partial updates to a nested dictionary while preserving untouched fields.
import json
def patch_merge(target: dict, patch: dict) -> dict:
"""Simulate HTTP PATCH semantic: shallow-merge patch into a copy of target."""
merged = target.copy()
for key, value in patch.items():
if isinstance(value, dict) and isinstance(merged.get(key), dict):
merged[key] = patch_m…Python Saga Compensating Steps Mock
Mock a distributed transaction saga with forward steps and compensating actions that reverse partial progress on failure.
from datetime import datetime
def make_payment(user_id, amount):
print(f"[{datetime.now():%H:%M:%S}] Payment of ${amount} processed for user {user_id}")
return {"step": "payment", "status": "ok", "details": f"${amount} charged"}
def deduct_inventory(order_id, items):
print(f"[{datetime.now():%H:%M:%S}]…Build a Partial Index Mock in Python for Database Filtering
Simulate a partial database index by filtering keys with a predicate, then return a limited mock lookup dictionary.
data = [
"alpha", "beta", "gamma", "delta", "epsilon",
"zeta", "eta", "theta", "iota", "kappa"
]
filtered_keys = [item for item in data if len(item) >= 5]
def mock_partial_index(keys, filter_func, limit=3):
result = {}
for key in keys:
if not filter_func(key):
continue
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Guide: free Python code samples library
Copy-ready Python snippets for learners and developers
PythonSkillset code samples are short, focused examples organised by topic and difficulty. Every snippet is server-rendered HTML — readable by search engines and easy to copy. Open any sample, read the notes, copy the code, then press Try in editor to run it in the browser with Pyodide.
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- Pick a topic section — strings, lists, files, functions, and more
- Open a sample, read How it works, and copy the code block
- Run it in the IDE, tweak values, then take a related quiz or tutorial lesson
Samples vs tutorials and challenges
Samples are quick reference — one concept per page. For step-by-step teaching, use our Python tutorials. To test yourself, try quizzes or coding challenges. Clean up style with the Python formatter.