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Auth & security at scale

OAuth2, JWT, IAM patterns, secrets rotation, and least-privilege service auth.

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Auth & security at scale medium

How to Implement Refresh Token Rotation in Python

A mock auth service that issues, rotates, and validates refresh tokens, revoking old tokens on reuse to prevent replay attacks.

auth oauth refresh-token
Python 
import time
import hashlib
import secrets
from typing import Dict, Optional, Tuple


class MockTokenService:
    """Simulates refresh token rotation for a simple auth system."""

    def __init__(self):
        # Token hash -> (user_id, rotation_count, expires_at)
        self._active_tokens: Dict[str, Tuple[str, int,…
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