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Data pipelines & processing

ETL-style flows, batch transforms, validation, and moving data between formats.

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How to detect anomalies in a column using z-score in Python

Detect outliers in a list of numbers using z-score statistics, flagging values that deviate significantly from the mean.

anomaly-detection z-score statistics
Python 
import random

def z_score_anomaly_detection(data, threshold=2.0):
    """
    Detect anomalies in a list of numbers using z-score.
    """
    mean = sum(data) / len(data)
    variance = sum((x - mean) ** 2 for x in data) / len(data)
    std_dev = variance ** 0.5
    
    if std_dev == 0:
        return []
    
    a…
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