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Functions & basics

Reusable building blocks — parameters, returns, scope, and clear function design.

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Functions & basics easy

Add Type Hints to Function Parameters and Return in Python

Add type hints to function parameters and return values in Python for clearer, more maintainable code using the typing module.

type-hints typing annotations
Python 
from typing import List, Optional, Dict


def average(numbers: List[float]) -> float:
    return sum(numbers) / len(numbers)


def full_name(first: str, last: Optional[str] = "") -> str:
    return f"{first} {last}".strip()


def build_user(name: str, age: int, email: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict[str, object]:
    us…
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Functions & basics — Python code examples

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This page collects functions & basics snippets — short, copy-ready Python you can paste into our free online IDE and run without installing anything. Each sample includes a plain-English explanation and the full source code.

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Samples are quick reference — one concept per page. For step-by-step teaching, use our Python tutorials. To test yourself, try quizzes or coding challenges. Clean up style with the Python formatter.

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