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Functions & basics

Reusable building blocks — parameters, returns, scope, and clear function design.

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How to Create Functions with Default Parameters in Python

This code defines two Python functions using default parameters to handle missing arguments gracefully, demonstrating how to work with optional inputs and keyword arguments.

default-parameters functions arguments

Python

def greet(name="Guest", greeting="Hello", punctuation="!"):
    """Generate a greeting message using default parameters."""
    return f"{greeting}, {name}{punctuation}"


def create_profile(username="anonymous", age=0, city="Unknown", active=True):
    """Create a user profile dictionary with default values."""
    r…

14 0 Open

Functions & basics easy

How to Use *args and **kwargs in Python Functions

Implement a variadic function that accepts arbitrary positional and keyword arguments using *args and **kwargs.

args kwargs variadic

Python

def display_info(title, *args, **kwargs):
    """Display positional and keyword arguments received."""
    print(f"Title: {title}")
    print(f"Additional positional args ({len(args)}):")
    for i, arg in enumerate(args, 1):
        print(f"  {i}. {arg}")
    print(f"Keyword args ({len(kwargs)}):")
    for key, value…

14 0 Open

Functions & basics easy

How to Use Default Parameter Values in Python Functions

Shows how to define and call Python functions with default parameter values, including overriding some or all defaults and using keyword arguments.

functions default-parameters arguments

Python

def greet(name, greeting="Hello", punctuation="!"):
    """Return a greeting message using default parameters."""
    return f"{greeting}, {name}{punctuation}"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Using defaults
    print(greet("Alice"))
    
    # Overriding first default
    print(greet("Bob", "Hi"))
    
    # Overrid…

14 0 Open

Functions & basics easy

How to Use Default Parameters in Python Functions

Define a Python function with default parameters and call it using positional and keyword arguments.

functions default-parameters arguments

Python

def greet(name, greeting="Hello", punctuation="!"):
    """Concatenate a greeting message with default parameters."""
    return f"{greeting}, {name}{punctuation}"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print(greet("Alice"))                 # Uses both defaults
    print(greet("Bob", "Hi"))             # Uses default punctua…

13 0 Open

Functions & basics easy

How to Use Keyword-Only Arguments in Python Functions

Define Python functions with keyword-only arguments using the * separator to enforce clarity and prevent positional misuse.

functions keyword-arguments function-signature

Python

def greet(name, *, greeting="Hello", punctuation="!"):
    """Greet someone with a customizable message using keyword-only arguments."""
    message = f"{greeting}, {name}{punctuation}"
    return message

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Basic call with only the positional argument
    print(greet("Alice"))

    # Al…

15 0 Open

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