Reference library

Functions & basics

Reusable building blocks — parameters, returns, scope, and clear function design.

5 matches
Functions & basics easy

How to Create an Iterator Class with Dunder Methods in Python

A minimal Counter class implementing __iter__ and __next__ to act as a self-iterating iterator, yielding numbers from start to end-1.

iterators dunder-methods class
Python
class Counter:
    def __init__(self, start=0, end=5):
        self.current = start
        self.end = end

    def __iter__(self):
        return self

    def __next__(self):
        if self.current >= self.end:
            raise StopIteration
        value = self.current
        self.current += 1
        return val…
14 0 Open
Functions & basics easy

How to Sort a List of Numbers in Python with Default Parameters

Define a reusable sort function that uses a default parameter to sort a list of numbers in ascending or descending order.

sorting default-parameters functions
Python
def sort_numbers(numbers, reverse=False):
    """Sort a list of numbers in ascending or descending order."""
    return sorted(numbers, reverse=reverse)


def main():
    numbers = [5, 2, 9, 1, 7, 3]
    
    # Default sort (ascending)
    ascending = sort_numbers(numbers)
    print(f"Ascending: {ascending}")
    
   …
13 0 Open
Functions & basics easy

How to Use Default Parameter Values in Python Functions

This code demonstrates how to define a Python function with default parameters and call it with varying numbers of arguments to see the defaults applied.

functions parameters defaults
Python
def greet(name, greeting="Hello", punctuation="!"):
    message = f"{greeting}, {name}{punctuation}"
    print(message)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    greet("Alice")
    greet("Bob", "Hi")
    greet("Charlie", "Hey", "?")
13 0 Open
Functions & basics easy

How to Use Default Parameters in Python Functions

A beginner-friendly Python function that uses default parameters to compare two numbers with equal, greater, or less operations.

functions default-parameters comparison
Python
def compare(a, b, operation="equal"):
    if operation == "equal":
        return a == b
    elif operation == "greater":
        return a > b
    elif operation == "less":
        return a < b
    else:
        return f"Unknown operation: {operation}"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print(compare(5, 5))
    print(com…
13 0 Open
Functions & basics easy

Python Filter Function with Default Parameters for Beginners

Create a reusable filter function with default parameters to keep or exclude numbers above or below a threshold.

functions default-parameters filter
Python
def filter_numbers(numbers, threshold=0, reverse=False):
    """Return numbers that pass the threshold filter.

    Args:
        numbers: list of numbers to filter
        threshold: minimum value to keep (default 0)
        reverse: if True, keep numbers below threshold (default False)
    """
    if reverse:
      …
13 0 Open

Browse by section

Each section groups closely related Python snippets.

Functions & basics — Python code examples

What you will find here

This page collects functions & basics snippets — short, copy-ready Python you can paste into our free online IDE and run without installing anything. Each sample includes a plain-English explanation and the full source code.

Samples vs tutorials and challenges

Samples are quick reference — one concept per page. For step-by-step teaching, use our Python tutorials. To test yourself, try quizzes or coding challenges. Clean up style with the Python formatter.