Observability & SRE
Structured logging, metrics, tracing, health checks, and SLO-friendly instrumentation.
Adding a Correlation ID to Log Context in Python
Injects a correlation ID into the logging context using a context manager and a custom log record factory so every log line includes the ID.
import logging
import uuid
from contextlib import contextmanager
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format='%(levelname)s | %(correlation_id)s | %(message)s')
@contextmanager
def correlation_id_context(correlation_id):
"""Temporarily inject a correlation_id into the logging context."""
extra = {'correl…
How to Build a Python Latency Histogram with Mock Buckets
This code implements a mock latency histogram that records request durations into configurable buckets and outputs counts, total, and average latency.
import time
import random
from collections import Counter
class LatencyHistogram:
def __init__(self, buckets):
self.buckets = sorted(buckets)
self.counts = Counter()
self.total = 0
self.sum_latency = 0
def record(self, latency_ms):
for i, boundary in enumerate(self.bu…
How to Build an HTTP Server Request Duration Histogram in Python
Create a small HTTP server that times each GET request, buckets the duration, and prints a histogram on shutdown.
import time
import random
from collections import Counter
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
class HistogramHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
response_times = Counter()
def do_GET(self):
start = time.perf_counter()
time.sleep(random.uniform(0.001, 0.1))
duratio…
How to Group Alerts by Time Window in Python
Group alert occurrences that fall within a sliding time window per alert key, reducing noise and summarizing bursts into single events.
from collections import defaultdict
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
def group_alerts(alerts, window_minutes=10):
"""Group alerts that occur within the same time window."""
alerts_by_key = defaultdict(list)
for alert in alerts:
key = alert["key"]
timestamp = alert["timestamp"]…
Summary Quantile Mock Sketch in Python
Build a memory-efficient sketch that stores sorted bins of data points to answer approximate quantile queries like median without keeping all values in memory.
import random
import statistics
from collections import Counter
class SummaryQuantileSketch:
"""
A simple sketch that stores a fixed-size summary of data (min, max, deciles)
using sorted bins, then answers approximate quantile queries.
"""
def __init__(self, bins=10):
self.bins = bins
…
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Observability & SRE — Python code examples
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