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Reliability & rate limiting

Retries, exponential backoff, circuit breakers, token buckets, and idempotent handlers.

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Reliability & rate limiting easy

How to Mock a Timeout per HTTP Request in Python

Simulate a per-request HTTP timeout using unittest.mock to test timeout handling without network access.

mocking timeout testing
Python 
import time
from unittest.mock import Mock, patch

# Simulate an HTTP client that might time out
def fetch_data(url, timeout=5):
    time.sleep(0.5)  # Simulate network delay
    return f"Response from {url}"

# Mock to test timeout behavior without real network
def test_timeout():
    mock_response = Mock(side_effect…
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