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Reliability & rate limiting

Retries, exponential backoff, circuit breakers, token buckets, and idempotent handlers.

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Reliability & rate limiting easy

How to Deduplicate Messages in Python by ID

This code consumes a mock inbox of JSON messages and deduplicates them by message ID, keeping either the first or last occurrence.

deduplication inbox json
Python 
import json
from collections import OrderedDict

mock_inbox = [
    {"id": 1, "message": "hello", "timestamp": "2024-01-01T10:00:00Z"},
    {"id": 2, "message": "world", "timestamp": "2024-01-01T10:01:00Z"},
    {"id": 1, "message": "hello", "timestamp": "2024-01-01T10:00:00Z"},
    {"id": 3, "message": "test", "times…
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