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System design patterns

Sharding, load balancing, CAP tradeoffs, and scaling patterns — interview and production ready.

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System design patterns medium

Simulate a Leaky Bucket Rate Limiter in Python

This code implements a leaky bucket rate limiter that drains at a fixed rate and accepts or rejects incoming requests based on capacity.

rate limiting leaky bucket simulation
Python 
import time
from collections import deque


class LeakyBucket:
    """Simulates a leaky bucket rate limiter with a fixed drain rate."""
    def __init__(self, capacity, drain_rate_per_sec):
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.drain_rate = drain_rate_per_sec
        self.water = 0.0
        self.last_refill =…
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