Reference library

Reliability & rate limiting

Retries, exponential backoff, circuit breakers, token buckets, and idempotent handlers.

4 matches

How to Cap Retry Attempts in Python with a Decorator

Build a reusable retry decorator that caps attempts, adds delays, and lets flaky services fail fast instead of hanging.

import random
from functools import wraps
from time import sleep


def retry(max_attempts, delay=0.1):
    def decorator(func):
        @wraps(func)
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
            attempts = 0
            while attempts < max_attempts:
                try:
                    return func(*args, **kw…

13 0 Open

Reliability & rate limiting medium

How to Implement an Adaptive Rate Limiter in Python

Build an adaptive rate limiter that adjusts request intervals dynamically based on recent error rates, slowing down when failures spike.

rate-limiting backoff adaptive

Python

import time
import random

class AdaptiveRateLimiter:
    """Simple adaptive rate limiter that reduces requests when error rate is high."""
    
    def __init__(self, min_interval=0.1, max_interval=2.0, error_threshold=0.3):
        self.min_interval = min_interval
        self.max_interval = max_interval
        sel…

12 0 Open

Reliability & rate limiting medium

How to retry idempotent operations with a mock in Python

Wrap a flaky idempotent operation in a retry loop with exponential backoff, and use unittest.mock to deterministically test the str's behavior.

retry backoff mock

Python

import random
import time
from unittest.mock import Mock


def idempotent_operation(value):
    """Simulate an idempotent operation that sometimes fails."""
    if random.random() < 0.6:  # 60% failure rate
        raise ConnectionError("Temporary failure")
    return value * 2


def retry_with_backoff(operation, max_…

14 0 Open

Reliability & rate limiting medium

Retry with Exponential Backoff and Jitter in Python

A decorator-style retry wrapper that retries a flaky function with exponential backoff plus random jitter, then raises after the last attempt fails.

retry backoff jitter

Python

import random
import time

def retry_with_backoff(func, max_retries=3, base_delay=0.5, max_jitter=0.1):
    for attempt in range(max_retries + 1):
        try:
            return func()
        except Exception as e:
            if attempt == max_retries:
                raise
            delay = base_delay * (2 ** at…

14 0 Open

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